Garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a highly nutritious leguminous vegetable crop grown globally during the winter season for its protein-rich green pods and soil-enriching nitrogen-fixing ability. In regions like Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, sustaining pulse productivity faces challenges due to declining soil organic matter and unbalanced chemical fertilizer application. While Recommended Doses of Fertilizers (RDF) provide readily available nutrients for rapid crop establishment, exclusive reliance on chemical inputs degrades soil health over time. Conversely, vermicompost serves as an excellent organic source that improves soil structure, enhances microbial activity, and supplies macro- and micronutrients steadily. Integrating inorganic fertilizers with vermicompost offers a viable strategy to fulfill the crop’s precise nutrient demand while sustaining the soil ecosystem, thereby maximizing both vegetative development and green pod yield [1-2].

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

The field experiment was executed during the rabi season of 2025–26 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Nehru Mahavidyalaya, Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, which features a semi-arid climate and typical Bundelkhand soil characteristics. The trial was structured using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) featuring three replications to test eight treatments: T₁ (Control), T₂ (Vermicompost), T₃ (50% RDF), T₄ (75% RDF), T₅ (100% RDF), T₆ (50% RDF + Vermicompost), T₇ (75% RDF + Vermicompost), and T₈ (100% RDF + Vermicompost). Standard regional agronomical practices, including uniform land preparation, sowing, irrigation schedules, and plant protection measures, were maintained across all plots. Biometric observations were systematically recorded for growth parameters (plant height, number of branches, and nodules per plant) at critical physiological stages, alongside key yield attributes (pod length, number of pods per plant, and final green pod yield), with the collected data subjected to standard statistical analysis of variance[3-4].

Result and Discussion

Growth Parameters

The experimental data indicated that the integrated nutrient management treatments significantly outpaced the sole organic or reduced inorganic applications regarding both growth and yield attributes. The data revealed that maximum plant height at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest were found (31.56, 53.12 and 83.88 cm respectively) with the application of 100% RDF and Vermicompost but significantly at par with T₇ – (75% RDF + Vermicompost) but significantly higher than control treatment (table 1). This increase in growth attributes might have been due to more and quick supply of NPK with heavy application of inorganic fertilization which increased photosynthetic activity, cell division, elongation and differentiation etc. resulting in higher growth attributes [5]. Maximum number of leaves plant^-1 at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest were found (37.06, 56.60 and 59.67 leaves respectively) with the application of 100% RDF and Vermicompost but significantly at par with T₇ – (75% RDF + Vermicompost) but significantly higher leaves than control treatment (table 1). Because this combination pairs the quick-release, high-concentration essential nutrients (N, P, K) from chemical fertilizers with the steady release of macro/micronutrients, beneficial microbes, and plant growth regulators present in organic vermicompost. This synergistic action markedly enhances soil structure, root proliferation, and overall vegetative growth, prompting rapid cell division and greater leaf production [6].  

Yield Parameters

Maximum pod length (10.84 cm), number of pods plant^-1 (24.58 pods), weight of a single pod (7.89 g), number of grains pod^-1 (8.67 grains) and pod yield (174.67 q ha^-1)  were found with the application of 100% RDF and Vermicompost but significantly at par with T₇ – (75% RDF + Vermicompost) but significantly higher leaves than control treatment (table 2). Because the combination of readily available inorganic fertilizers (RDF) provides immediate early-stage nutrients, while vermicompost improves soil structure and steadily releases macro- and micronutrients to sustain reproductive development. This synergetic Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) approach significantly enhances metabolic processes, chlorophyll synthesis, and effective photosubstrate translocation, which directly boosts the plant’s structural yield attributes [7-8].

CONCLUSION

Based on the field trial, it is concluded that the integrated use of chemical fertilizers and organic manure is highly effective for maximizing garden pea productivity. Treatment T₈, combining 100% RDF with Vermicompost, emerged as the most superior treatment, yielding the best results for all vegetative growth and green pod yield attributes. Therefore, application of 100% RDF along with Vermicompost can be recommended to the farmers of the Lalitpur region to achieve optimal growth, higher yields, and better soil health preservation for rabi garden pea cultivation.

References

1. Choubey, A., Narayan, A., Tripathi, A. K., & Shakya, S. D. (2026). Integrated Nutrient Management through RDF and Organic Amendments (Vermicompost and Vermiwash) on Growth and Yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Journal of Food and Biotechnology.
2. Sharma, M., Shilpa, Kaur, M., Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, P. (2023). Influence of different organic manures, biofertilizers and inorganic nutrients on performance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) in North Western Himalayas. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 46(4), 600-617.
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5. Kalapchieva, S., Kosev, V., & Vasileva, V. (2020). Genetic and phenotypic assessment of garden peas (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(1), 107-121.
6. Gopinath, K. A., Saha, S., Mina, B. L., Pande, H., Kumar, N., Srivastva, A. K., & Gupta, H. S. (2009). Yield potential of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties, and soil properties under organic and integrated nutrient management systems. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 55(2), 157-167.
7. Tamindžić, G., Ignjatov, M., Miljaković, D., Červenski, J., Milošević, D., Nikolić, Z., & Vasiljević, S. (2023). Seed priming treatments to improve heat stress tolerance of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.). Agriculture, 13(2), 439.
8. Hagenblad, J., Boström, E., Nygårds, L., & Leino, M. W. (2014). Genetic diversity in local cultivars of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) conserved ‘on farm’and in historical collections. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61(2), 413-422.