Automation in fertigation represents a transformative step toward smarter and more efficient nutrient management in modern agriculture. By integrating sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and automated control systems, farmers can precisely regulate both water and fertiliser delivery based on real-time crop and soil data. This data-driven approach reduces labour requirements, minimises nutrient losses, and ensures optimal plant growth under varying environmental conditions. Automated fertigation systems not only enhance productivity but also promote sustainability by conserving resources and reducing environmental pollution. This review discusses the design principles, operational mechanisms, and future outlook of automation in fertigation for next-generation farming systems.
