Hypothyroidism, a widespread endocrine disorder marked by inadequate thyroid hormone production, affects millions globally, manifesting symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and joint pain. While levothyroxine is the core of treatment, interest in complementary therapies rooted in traditional medicine is also on the rise. This review evaluates the potential therapeutic role of Piper Longum, a revered herb in Ayurveda known as long pepper, in managing primary hypothyroidism. Rich in phytochemicals, Piper Longum contains piperine (an alkaloid), which enhances selenium bioavailability, a critical factor in converting thyroxine (T4) to the active triiodothyronine (T3). Additionally, its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic-regulating properties may alleviate common hypothyroid symptoms. Drawing from its extensive use in traditional practices and supported by preliminary scientific studies, Piper Longum shows promise as a complementary approach. However, the lack of robust clinical trials necessitates further research to confirm its efficacy and safety. This review underscores Piper Longum’s potential to enhance hypothyroidism management while highlighting the need for evidence-based integration into modern therapeutic strategies.
Keywords: hypothyroidism, piper longum, Ayurveda, treatment, anti-inflammatory, bioavailability, phytochemicals, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, clinical trial, therapeutic, weight gain.
