The increasing environmental impact of conventional plastic packaging has accelerated the global demand for sustainable alternatives in the food industry. This article explores recent advancements in sustainable food packaging, with a focus on bioplastics, edible films, and active packaging technologies. Bioplastics derived from renewable resources offer biodegradability and reduced reliance on fossil fuels, while edible films made from polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids provide an eco-friendly solution with additional nutritional or functional properties. Active packaging systems, incorporating antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, extend shelf life and enhance food safety. The review highlights current research, technological innovations, material properties, and industrial applications, as well as the regulatory and economic challenges associated with commercial adoption. It also outlines future directions emphasizing smart packaging integration, improved barrier properties, and circular economy principles. The development and widespread implementation of sustainable packaging are crucial for achieving environmental sustainability, food security, and consumer health in a rapidly evolving global market.
